| Question | Answer |
| List the general functions and characteristics of Catecholamines (Epinephrine/Adrenaline and Norepinephrine/Nonadrenaline) | Secreted from the adrenal medulla (the adrenal gland is a small organ thsat sits on top of the kidney); also released as neurotransmitters by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS); increase heart rate and heart muscle contraction force; control several aspects of blood flow to tissues (for example, increases skeletal muscle blood flow); stimulate glycogen breakdown in muscle and lipolysis (fat breakdown) in adipose tissue (fat cells); decrease at a given absolute intensity with exercise training. |
| List the general functions and characteristics of the Growth Hormone (GH) | Secreted from anterior pituitary gland(located at the base of the brain, behind the nose; acute bouts of exercise increase GH levels; increases rate of protein synthesis through IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1) elevation, Increases fat mobilization/use. |
| What are the two basic types of hormones? | Steroid hormones and amino acid/protein hormones |
| Things to know from topic 2: | Gene activation(how it works), protein synthesis, quality of life vs. lifespan and the effects of environmental factors on the two. |
| Explain the difference between protective and susceptibility polymorphisms. | Protective polymorphisms are expressed when one consumes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and exercises, while susceptibility polymorphisms do not get activated. Susceptibility polymorphisms are activated when exposed to a typical American diet, physical inactivity and the use of tobacco products. |
| Give several examples of lifestyle changes that have led to an incidence of chronic disease. | Cars, kitchen appliances, remote controls, elevators, refined grains in their natural form, meats are "marbled" and therefore higher in fat. |
| _________ disease is the most common cause of death in the US, responsible for about 40% of all deaths. | Cardiovascular |
| In treating cardiovascular disease, bypass surgery alone is not able to cure the illness. T/F | True |
| List some differences between the hunter-gatherer and modern man. | Hunter-gatherers ate a variety of plants and whole animals(wild animals=relatively low fat, high in "omega" fatty acids), high fiber, calcium, magnesium and potassium, low in energy density and glycemic load, and performed 3-5 hours of physical activity per day. |
| List some differences between the hunter-gatherer and modern man. | Hunter-gatherers ate a variety of plants and whole animals(wild animals=relatively low fat, high in "omega" fatty acids), high fiber, calcium, magnesium and potassium, low in energy density and glycemic load, and performed 3-5 hours of physical activity per day. |
| List the six factors that can reduce one's chronological age. | 8 hours of sleep per night, healthy food intake, regular physical exercise, avoiding tobacco, limiting alcohol consumption to one drink per day, and controlling stress. |
| What is the difference between physiological and chronological age? | Physiological age refers to the amount of stress placed on the body, while chronological age refers to how many years one has been living. |
12 cards - created jun 7, 8:26pm