| Question | Answer |
| information processing | a term borrowed frm coputer science by cognitive psychologists to describe the mental functions which occur between stimulus and response |
| mnemonics | the study and use of techniques for improving memory |
| retroactive interference | a form of interference in recent experiences makes it difficult to recall something learned earlier |
| accessibility | the principle that remembering and forgetting are dependent on effective retrieval; without the proper cues, information which exists in LTM may not be accessible |
| availability | the principle that remembering is determined by whether the information exists in LTM or not; forgetting implies that the information is destroyed |
| proactive interference | a form of interference in which prior experiences make learning and recall of subsquent experiences difficult |
| maintenance rehearsal | the retention of material in STM by means of rote repetition |
| long term memory | the coponent of memory which is involved with retention over relatively long periods |
| short term memory | the component of memory which handles retention over relatively brief intervals of up to approximately 15 seconds |
| sensory memory | a modality-specific transient form of memory which serves as a buffer between the senses and short-term memory |
| mental set | the cognitive schema an individual uses to organize their perception of a particular situation, such as a problem |
| insight | a sudden change in the way one organizes a problem situation; typically this is characterized by a change in behavior from random responding to rule-based responding |
| cognitive map | Tolman's term for the mental representation of learned relationships among stimuli |
| recognition | the process of identifying presented information as familiar |
| recall | the active retrieval of information |
| memory | the retention and use of prior learning |
| learning | the process of gathering informationa nd organizing it into mental schemata |
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