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Practice Test
: Environmental Science & Policy Final
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How much water do Americans consume each day compared to people in Sub-Saharan Africa?
What was the Basel Convention?
How long does it take to form new soil?
How much have the oceans warmed?
Does the EPA National Primary Drinking Water Regulation effectively provide Americans with safe drinking water?
What are examples of PBTs?
What was the problem with Bangladesh's water & how was it solved?
Basel Convention on the export of hazardous waste: aimed to reduce the production of hazardous waste and ensure that it would be handled in an environmentally sound manner
Heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd), chlorinated hydrocarbons (reproductive toxins, suspected carcinogens, dioxins, PCBs, DDT)
Bangladesh's shallow aquifers were heavily contaminated with arsenic. With funding from the World Bank, research was done using isotope hydrolysis which could locate safe areas to find water.
No. One study was conducted that found 80% of all US streams to be contaminated with organics - including pharmaceuticals, household chemicals, hormones, and animal pharmaceuticals.
25-500 years
.o .1° warming between 1961-2003; o Ice is melting, contributing to the rise of the ocean. By 2013, the Artic could be seasonally ice free. The rising ocean levels lead to a loss of biodiversity – especially polar bears, birds, seals due to loss of habitat.
American daily water usage: 350 liters, Sub-Saharan Africa: 10-20 liters
Short Answer
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How have these irrigation practices affected the Aral sea?
When were GMOs first commercialized?
Why is the Forest Stewardship Council more effective?
What are the five principles of safer nanotech?
How much has the acidity of our oceans increased?
Multiple Choice
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What is the total value of ecosystem services?
33 trilion
Hazard: ability to cause harm; exposure: ability to access hazard, risk: combination of these two - exposure to hazard
Carbon sink, CO2/oxygen cycle, aesthetic beauty, travel/tourism, purifies water and air, provides habititat, prevents soil erosion, source of timber & medicinal plants
American daily water usage: 350 liters, Sub-Saharan Africa: 10-20 liters
How many nanometers to a carbon nanotube, DNA, virus, & human hair?
Humanitarian aid, building/rebuilding local institutions, investing in infrastructure (water irrigation/roads); ag research; supporting education (especially for women); eradicating the AIDS epidemic
1.47 million hectares
Requires auditing, provides detailed ecological indicators, requires mandatory indepedent auditing, sets more stringent guidelines for enviro protection. Provides Chain-of-Custody certification which shows where wood at each level came from - is it sustainable?
Nanotube: 2, DNA: 2.5, Virus: 100, Hair: 75,000
Forest Stewardship Council (93) and Sustainable Forestry Initiative (94). the FSC is more effective
Define hazard, exposure, and risk in terms of toxicology
Carbon sink, CO2/oxygen cycle, aesthetic beauty, travel/tourism, purifies water and air, provides habititat, prevents soil erosion, source of timber & medicinal plants
Heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd), chlorinated hydrocarbons (reproductive toxins, suspected carcinogens, dioxins, PCBs, DDT)
Sub-Saharan Africa and the Democratic Republic of Congo
Hazard: ability to cause harm; exposure: ability to access hazard, risk: combination of these two - exposure to hazard
Warming, acidification, pollution, overfishing
Why are oceans under stress today?
Biosafety Protocol, signed by 130 countires, requires labeling of GMO products, so importing countries can make the choice whether or not they want to import.
Warming, acidification, pollution, overfishing
First started being planted in 1996, have only grown since then
Lack of regulation and precautionary measures; underestimation of damage done; lack of consistency in gov policy; conflicting interest in enforcing laws, which lead to corruption; well was in very deep water and infrastructure was very complex
Heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd), chlorinated hydrocarbons (reproductive toxins, suspected carcinogens, dioxins, PCBs, DDT)
What are the two forestry schemes and which is more effective?
Nanotube: 2, DNA: 2.5, Virus: 100, Hair: 75,000
Heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd), chlorinated hydrocarbons (reproductive toxins, suspected carcinogens, dioxins, PCBs, DDT)
33 trilion
Direct (lead paint, DDT spray); Direct discharge into air or water (flame retardants, hormones, and drugs in groundwater, oil spills, air pollution, incineration); Inadequate landfills (leaching, runoff); Dumping (pg&e in the 60s, dumping into the hudson)
Forest Stewardship Council (93) and Sustainable Forestry Initiative (94). the FSC is more effective
True or False
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Is the EPA National Primary Drinking Water Regulation effective in ensuring safe drinking water for all Americans?
EPA has done a good job of identifying contaminants and setting goals to reduce them. Still many problems with our water ~ one study has found that 80% of streams are contaminated with organics (pharmaceticals, hormones..) More than 20% of nations water treatment systems have violated provisions of the Safe Drinking Water act.
True
False
Benefits of forests
Carbon sink, CO2/oxygen cycle, aesthetic beauty, travel/tourism, purifies water and air, provides habititat, prevents soil erosion, source of timber & medicinal plants
True
False
What are the negative effects of increasing acidity in the ocean?
Deprives animals of calcium carbonate, which is essential to building their shells. Degradation of the coral reefs (very sensitive to pH change) and has negative impact on my small species like mussels and lobsters. Can also kill fish and plankton.
True
False
What intl convention governs GMOs?
Biosafety Protocol, signed by 130 countires, requires labeling of GMO products, so importing countries can make the choice whether or not they want to import.
True
False
How many people in the world lack access to safe water?
1.1 billion, 1 out of 6 people
True
False
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Practice Test: Environmental Science & Policy Final