| Question | Answer |
| Sovereign Immunity | the right of a state to be free from lawsuit unless it gives permission to the suite. Under the eleventh ammendment, all states are considered sovereign |
| Preemption | a concept derived from the constitution's supremacy clause that allows the national government to override or preempt state or local actions in certain areas |
| Unfunded mandates | national laws that direct states or local governments to comply with federal rules or regulations but contain little or no federal funding |
| Block Grant | broad grant with few strings attached; given to state by the federal government for specified activities such as health services |
| New Federalism | federal/state relationship proposed by Reagan administration during the 1980s; return power back to state governments |
| Categorical Grant | grant for which Congress appropriates funds for a specific purpose |
| Cooperative federalism | the relationship between the national and state government that began with the New Deal |
| Seventeenth Amendment | made senators directly elected by the people, removed their selection fro state legislatures |
| Sixteenth Amendment | authorized congress to enact a national income tax |
| Dual Federalism | the belief that having seperate and equal powerful levels of government is the best arrangement |
| Interstate Compacts | contracts between states that carry the force of law; generally now used as a tool to address multistate policy concerns |
| Extradition Clause | Part of Article IV that requires states to extradite or return criminals to states where they have been convicted or are to stand trial |
| Priviliges and immunites clause | part of article IV of the constitution guaranteeing that the citizens of each starte are afforded the same rights as citizens of other states |
| full faith and credit clause | ensures judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in another |
| ex post facto law | law passed after the fact thereby making previosly legal activity illegal and subject to current penalty |
| bill of attainder | law declaring an act illegal without judicial trial |
| unitary system | system of gov where the local and regional gov derive authority from state national gov |
| Confederation | type of gov where the national gov derives its powers from the states; eauge of independent states |
| Federal System | system of gov where the national gov and state gov share some powers derive all authority from the people and the power of national gov |
| bill of rights | first ten amendments f consititution |
| anti federalists | weak national gov |
| Federalists | strong national gov |
| Supremacy Clause | Article VI of cositution mandating the national law is supreme to all other laws passed by the states or by any other subdivision of gov |
| implied powers | these powers are not states specifically but are considered to be reasonably implied through the excercise of delegated powers |
| necessary and proper clause | gives congress authority to pass all laws necessary and proper to carry out the enumerated powers specified |
| Enumerated Powers | seven specific powers granted to congress under articl I section 8; taxation, coinage of money, reglation of commerce, authority to provide for national defence |
| Federal System | plan of gov created in us contition in which power is divided between state and national gov |
| Great Compromise | decision made during the consititutional convention to give each state the same number of representatives in senate regrdless of size, house of reps by pop |
| New Jersey Plan | proposed by group of small states, its key points were a one house legislature with one vote for each stte the establishment of the acts of congress as the supreme law of the land a supreme judiciary with limited power |
| Virginia Plan | the first general plan for consitituion, proposed by james madision and edmund randolph. its key points were bicameral legislature, an executive chosen by the legislature, and a judiciary also named by the legislature |
| Articles of Confederation | the compact among the 13 original states that was the basis of their government. |
| Declaration of Independence | document by t.j. that proclaimed the right of the american colonies to sepearte from g.b |
| Confederation | type of government where the national government derives its powers from the states; a league of independent states |
| second continental congress | an army should be raised and gw was named commander |
| First Continental Congress | meeting held in phili where 56 delegates adopted a resolution inopposition of the coercive acts |
| committees of correspondence | organizations in each of the american colonies created to keep colonists abreast of developments with the british |
| Stamp Act Congress | meeting of reps to send letter to king about violated rights |
| Mercantilism | an economic theory designed to increase a nation's wealth through the development of commercial industry and a favorable balance of trade |
| Mercantilism | an economic theory designed to increase a nation's wealth through the development of commercial industry and a favorable balance of trade |
| Liberal | one considered to favor governmental involvement in the economy in the provision of social services and to take an activist role in protecting the rights of women, elderly |
| Conservative | one thought to believe that a government is best that governs least and that big government can only infringe on individual perosnal and economic rights |
| Libertarian | one who favors a free market economy and no governmental interference in personal liberties |
| Civil Society | Society created when citizens are allowed to organize and express their views pulicly as they engage in an open deabte about public policy |
| Natural Law | doctrine that society should be governed by certain ethinical principles that are part of nature and understood by reason |
| Popular Consent | the idea that governments must draw their powers from the consent of the governed |
| Political Culutre | commonly shared attitudes beliefs and core values about how government should operate |
| Republic | government rooted in the consent of the governed; a representative or indirect democracy |
| Social Contract Theory | the belief that people are free and equal by god given right and that this in turn requires that all ppl give their consent to be governmend; John Locke and D of I |
| Social Contract | an agreeement between the people and their government signifying their consent to be governed |
| Democracy | a system of government that ives powetr to the people whtehter direction or through elected representatives |
| Oligarchy | a form of government in which the right to participate is conditioned on the possessions of wealth social status military position or achievement |
| totalitarianism | a form of government in which power resdes in a leader who rules according to self interest without regard for individual rightss and liberties |
| Monarchy | a form of government in whcih power is vested in hereditary kings and queens who govern in the interests of all |
| Politics | the study of who gets wat when, and how of how policy decision are made |
| Citizens | by law are members of the political communit who by nature of being born in a partiular nation or having ecome a naturalized citen are entited to all of the freedoms guranteed by the government |
| Governments | the vehicles through which policies are made and affairs of state are conducted |
56 cards - created sep 7, 7:08pm