| Question | Answer |
| Wiberian Apparatus | Located above swim bladder ampliffies vibrations that are sent to inner ear |
| Heterothermy | Can make parts of body 5-10 degrees C warmer than environment (ex: tuna) |
| Hypertonic | FreshWater Fish - blood has a high concentration of salt, fish must constantly urinate to keep up with water osmosis into body |
| Hypotonic | Marine Fish - blood has low salt concentration, due to osmosis of water out of body, fish my drink a LOT |
| Ampullae Lorenzini | Electrical Detection |
| Ostereophysii | Fish with excellent hearing (minnows, catfish, suckers) |
| Otoliths | earstones - 3 pairs in skull in fluid filled spaces for feeling pressure and orientation |
| Neuromast Organ | hair filled pores of the lateral line system |
| Lateral Line System | pores with many tiny hairs for pressure sensitivity |
| Olfaction | Ability of fish to return to their natal stream by smell |
| How do fish without Gas Bladders regulate? | Sharks - liver oil (buoyant) light weigh skeleton (cartilage) must move to stay afloat. |
| Physoclistous | NO direct connection of Gas Bladder to gut. Must regulate air with circulatory system |
| Physostomous | Gas bladder directly connected to the gut, to increas air : breathe in, to release air: fart |
| Alvioli | Pockets in lungs of fish, large surface area. |
| Lungs | Origin in fish, outpocketing near esophogus |
| RAM Ventilation | Water into mouth by swimming with mouth open, requires constant motion |
| Buccal Pumping | Opercula pumps to take in water through mouth, stationary respiration |
| Gills | Fillaments, large blood supply, large surface area |
| Gas Bladder | Gas Chamber that assists with bouyancy |
| Origin of Jaw | Gill Arch |
| Gnathostomes | Jawed Vertebrates - specialization:feeding. Rapid increase in size and activity. |
| Agnathans | Jawless Fish - Ostracoderms, Lampreys |
| Quadroblastic | (vertebrates) - Endoderm, Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Neural Crest |
| Vertebrates | Vertebral Column, Defined cranium, increased mobility, respiratory and circulatory system, muscular digestive system |
| Cephalochordata | Head Chordates : Amphioxins (lancelets) |
| Urochordata | tailed chordates: tunicates |
| Dueterostomes | (second mouth) - first opening in the blastopore is the anus |
| Endostyle | Pharangeal Gill Slits |
| Phylum Chordata : Shared derived characteristics: | notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, segmented muscular post-anal tail, Endostyle |
| Phylogenies | Evolutionary history of Taxa |
| Speciation | production of new species from existing ones by: reproductive isolation or geographic isolation |
| Biological Species Concept | Reproductive ties - a species is a population or group of populations that interbreed |
| Stratigraphy | Rock Layers |
| Vestigial Organs | no apparent current function, lost use over evolutionary time |
34 cards - created feb 14, 10:18pm