Practice Test: Rachels and Plato- PHIL 301

Matching skip

Short Answer skip

1. What is Justice (republic)?
   
2. metaethics
   
3. 3 classes of an ideal state
   
4. meritocracy
   
5. 3 virtues of an ideal state
   

Multiple Choice skip

1. extrinsically/instrumentally good
   1. valued for its results alone (getting wisdom teeth pulled)
   2. if cultural relativism is true, then this produces moral progress
   3. examines theories that give rise to standards for evaluating conduct
   4. someone who puts the interests of the states first
   5. (1) we need each other (2) each person should have a designated job. (3) living well is a crucial part of human existence (4) desires are infinite, needs are finite
2. 3 classifications of good (republic)
   1. there are objective moral standards
   2. intrinsically good, extrinsically good, both (knowledge, justice)
   3. something desirable
   4. (1) the nature of justice is a social contract. (2) no one is willingly just. (3) It is better to be unjust than just
   5. examines theories that give rise to standards for evaluating conduct
3. Rachels, Point 1
   1. since individuals can belong to cultures with conflicting values the same action might be viewed as both morally right and morally wrong
   2. an agreement between people
   3. differnet cultures have different moral codes, therefore there are no objective moral standards
   4. attempts to examine the metaphysical, epistemological, psychological and semantic presumptions of morality
   5. cultural differences are invalid, if cultural relativism is true then there can be no grounds for critisizing other cultures
4. an action is just if it....
   1. since individuals can belong to cultures with conflicting values the same action might be viewed as both morally right and morally wrong
   2. (1) we need each other (2) each person should have a designated job. (3) living well is a crucial part of human existence (4) desires are infinite, needs are finite
   3. (1) wisdom (2) courage (3) moderation
   4. since individuals can belong to cultures with conflicting values the same action might be viewed as both morally right and morally wrong
   5. promotes harmony to the soul
5. why do we have cities (republic)?
   1. promotes harmony to the soul
   2. valued for itself; simple pleasures like the sunset
   3. applies moral theories and principles to concrete moral issues, like euthanasia
   4. justice is fantasy, no one would choose justice over injustice, justice is in the interest of the stranger
   5. (1) we need each other (2) each person should have a designated job. (3) living well is a crucial part of human existence (4) desires are infinite, needs are finite

True or False skip

1. Rachels, Point 4
   if cultural relativism is true, then this produces moral progress

   True   False

2. intrinsically good
   objective moral standards come from GOD

   True   False

3. Thrasymachus (republic)
   (1) wisdom (2) courage (3) moderation

   True   False

4. virtues of the individual soul
   (1) wisdom (2) courage (3) moderation

   True   False

5. how does one become virtuous? (republic)
   if you take morality as a mode of action, you become that

   True   False